特許英語例文集

UNTIL NOW

-->up to now

$$ Until now, the idea of there being a host factor (or host factors) that is required for retroviral integration but is not necessary for normal host cell growth seemed unlikely. / 今まで、レトロウイルスの組み込みのために必要であるが正常な宿主細胞の増殖のためには必要でない１又は複数の宿主因子が存在するという考えは存在しなかったようである。(USP6242175)

$$ This mode of operation is not defined by the ATM Industry Forum since, until now, there has been no need for ATM data packets to be routed in this manner. (USP6118782)

$$ GPS receivers have until now conventionally used expensive temperature controlled crystal oscillators, in order to achieve the required accuracy in frequency generation. (USP6018274)

$$ Until now, a pressure of the order of 100 MPa has been treated as the practical minimum necessary for hot isostatic pressing. (USP5089197)

$$ Despite the traditional library being inefficient and expensive until now there has not been a better alternative. / 従来のライブラリが非効率的かつ費用のかかるにもかかわらず、これまでより良い代替案は存在しなかった。(USP5559936)